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''Percina aurora'' is a species of fish known by the common name pearl darter. It is native to the United States, where it is known only from Louisiana and Mississippi. It is rare and a candidate for federal protection.〔USFWS. (Species Assessment and Listing Priority Assignment Form. ) April 4, 2012.〕 This fish was described as a species in 1994. It had previously been included in ''Percina copelandi''.〔IUCN 2012. (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. )〕 The pearl darter grows up to 57 (female) to 64 (male) millimeters long. It has a black spot at the base of the tail fin. The breeding male has a few dark bands. It is usually mature around one year of age.〔 This fish is now limited to the Pascagoula River drainage. It has apparently been extirpated from the Pearl River.〔 The total range is about 200 square kilometers.〔 This fish can be found in riffles and shallow, fast-moving river water. Higher river flows in the spring help to disperse the juveniles. Its favored habitat is unknown but its habitat requirements are likely similar to those of ''P. copelandi''. This related species feeds on midges and small crustaceans.〔 Threats to this species include pollution via runoff of fertilizers, pesticides, oil, and other materials. Sediment and silt degrade the habitat. Hurricane Katrina impacted the local area, washing pollutants and salt water into the river. The release of dioxin into the Pascagoula system has been mitigated, but dioxin embedded in the substrate may be stirred up at times, entering the water. Riverside urbanization may lead to organic wastes being released into the water. Sand and gravel mining occur in the river system and destabilize the substrate. Habitat destruction has led to the species' populations being split and isolated, creating a disjunct distribution. This split makes it more likely that populations will become extirpated.〔 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Percina aurora」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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